. Early deceleration - A visually apparent, gradual (onset to
nadir >30 sec.) decrease in FHR with return to baseline in
association with a uterine contraction. The nadir of the
deceleration occurs at the same time as the peak of the
contraction.
. Late deceleration - A visually apparent, gradual (onset to
nadir >30 sec.) decrease in FHR with return to baseline in
association with a uterine contraction. In general, the onset,
nadir and recovery of the deceleration occur after the
beginning, peak, and end of the contraction, respectively. . Variable deceleration - A visually apparent, abrupt (onset
to nadir >30 sec.) decrease in FHR below the baseline. The
decrease in FHR is >5 bpm below the baseline and lasts >15
sec but <2 minutes.
. Prolonged deceleration - Visually apparent decrease in
the FHR below the baseline. Deceleration is >15 pbm
below the baseline lasting >2 min. but < 10 min from onset to
return to baseline.
. Siusoidal pattern - A visaully apparent, smooth, sine
wave-like undulating pttern in FHR baseline with a cycle
frequency of 3-5 per minute persisting for >20 min.
Adapted from American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Information from Macones GA. et at. 2008; 112(3); 661-666
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Standardized FHR definitions:
. Baseline - The mean FHR rounded to increments of 5 bpm
during a 10 minute segment, excluding accelerations,
decelerations, and periods of marked FHR variability.
. Tachycardia - Baseline FHR > 60 bpm for > 10 minutes.
. Bradycardia - Baseline FHR < 110 bpm for 10 minutes.
. Baseline variability - Fluctuations in the FHR basline that
are irregular in amplitude and frequency. Variability is
measured from the peak to the trough of the FHR
fluctuations and is quantitated in bpm. Variability is
classified as:
- Absent: Amplitude range undetecteable
- Minimal: Amplitude range detectable but < 5bpm
- Moderate: Amplitude range 6-25 bpm
- Marked: Amplitude range > 25 . Acceleraction - A visually apparent increase (onset to
peak in <30 sec.) in the FHR from the most recently
calculated baseline.
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